Construction Carbon Management & Optimization

Three-dimensional taxonomy of modular retrofit interventions in conventional existing buildings

Assess the feasibility and applicability of modular retrofit for existing buildings, and identify potential modular intervention strategies and their carbon-reduction pathways.

Work package-based project planning framework with a genetic algorithm (TLGA) that outputs carbon-aware work package schemes

Develop a work package-based project planning and optimization framework to reduce carbon emissions in Modular Integrated Construction (MiC). Integrate productivity-based carbon modeling, evolutionary optimization algorithms, and LLM-assisted heuristics to enable carbon-aware planning and support informed decision-making that balances environmental performance, project costs, and operational efficiency.

Two-layer ABM–GIS model: supply chain agents (project, contractor, module, steel, cement and aggregate suppliers and trucks) exchanging orders and materials, mapped onto a GIS map of Hong Kong for embodied carbon estimation and allocation

Develop a hybrid agent-based modelling (ABM) and geographic information system (GIS) model for quantifying the city-scale embodied carbon flows and emission responsibility across the modular construction supply chain.

Multi-level embodied carbon assessment of prefabricated (PC) and modular (MC) high-rise concrete residential buildings: system scope from cradle to end-of-use (A1–A5, B2–B5), a multi-level EC framework with procedural, temporal, spatial and physical dimensions, data collection for engineering quantities and emission factors, and comparative EC analysis of PC components and MC modules

Develop a multi-level embodied carbon assessment framework to compare prefabricated and modular construction in high-rise concrete residential buildings, and guide the selection of low-carbon construction options.